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The Pulter Project
pulterproject.northwestern.edu
Poem 32

Aletheia’s Pearl

Edited by Lara Dodds

“Aletheia’s Pearl” is a spiritual autobiography in the form of a personalized mythography. Pulter’s speaker describes the triumphs and challenges of her life through an account of her changing relationships with a range of personified figures: Aletheia (Truth), Joy, Peace, Patience, Hope, Faith, Sorrow, Fear, and Despair. An initial commitment to Aletheia, symbolized by a gift of a pearl, is followed by a youthful dalliance with Peace and Joy, the unwelcome appearance of Sorrow and Despair, and the belated company of Patience, Hope and Faith. Late in the poem, the speaker reveals that she lived thirteen years as a “maid” and thirty-three as a wife; this mature perspective informs the narrative of the poem, yet the precise relationship between the allegorical events of the poem and specific life-events (i.e.,marriage or the births or deaths of children) remains oblique.

One context for “Aletheia’s Pearl” is the invitation poem tradition, especially John Milton’s companion poems, “L’Allegro” and “Il Penseroso.” Pulter’s engagement with this tradition can be usefully explored through at least two different frames. First, most examples of the invitation poem, including Marlowe’s “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love” and Milton’s companion poems, position the speaker through heterosexual eroticism. Like Cavendish’s “Dialogue of Melancholy and Mirth,” “Aletheia’s Pearl” does not, and, further, Pulter’s speaker invokes female personifications defined primarily as mother-daughter pairs: Time and Truth, Peace and Joy, Faith and Patience. Second, Pulter’s speaker describes her youthful devotion to truth from the perspective of a later maturity. Milton’s “L’Allegro” and “Il Penseroso” are usually considered alternative models for living or for a poetic career; “Aletheia’s Pearl” does not propose a choice between joy and melancholy, but identifies these affects (and others) as part of a single “sad story” that develops over the course of the speaker’s life.

Compare Editions
i
1Fair
Aletheia1
(when I was a girl),
2One Sunday, offered me an
orient pearl2
;
3But for it, I must part with all I had.
4I of the bargain was extremely glad.
5Then, being so directed from above,
6She, smiling, asked me if I could her love.
7I, seeing her so far transcend all other,
8And more resplendent than her
radiant mother3
,
9Said, I with her would gladly live and die.
10Celestial love the true love’s knot did tie;
11Reciprocally promising ne’er to depart,
12
She took possession of my virgin heart.4
13In earnest of her love she gave a kiss,
14Saying she would lead me to eternal bliss;
15So should I shun the paths of endless error,
16And have an innocent soul still free from terror.
17She bid me fear no trouble in my story,
18For love would crown me with immortal glory.
19Thus innocently I passed my youthful days,
20Seeing more and more of her refulgent rays.
21Thus being puffed up with prosperity,
22The world in every star I thought to buy.
23And oft I did my virgin guide intreat
24To make my happiness on earth complete:
25That Peace, that stately dame, she would invite
26To dwell with us to consummate delight.
27For then, I said, that Joy would follow after;
28
Get but the mother, and you have the daughter.5
29That blest
triumviry6
might I once enjoy,
30I should esteem this world a trifling toy.
31My fair directress, smiling, then did say,
32That those two jolly ladies would not stay
33Long in a place, nor were they as they seemed,
34As all that glisters is not gold esteemed.
35There’s no true peace, nor joy, below the Sun,
36Nor can we know it till this life is done.
37Nay more, being at the
Parcaes’7
house of late,
38Turning the volumes of the book of fate
39To see what might advance th’Eternal’s glory,
40She
happed8
to cast an eye on my sad story,
41And by my destiny she saw my life,
42At which she sighed: both, infant, maid, and wife
43Would be involved and filled with inward trouble,
44But yet as
brittle as the tenderest bubble9
.
45And looking further on from page to page,
46
She found I would live a tedious pilgrimage.10
47But yet to comfort me in my sad story,
48My troubles all would end in endless glory.
49Therefore she did advise for my relief,
50A modest matron to allay my grief.
51One not so brave, but of as ample fame,
52And noble birth (the daughter of
the dame11
53Who doth defend the faithful with her shield
54And makes them still victorious in the field),
55Patience her name, who said she would invite
56Her sister Hope, to further my delight.
57I said of those two damsels I had been told,
58But yet I thought, till I grew sick or old,
59Their sad and tedious stories would deject
60My spritely soul. Them I did not affect.
61Truth, sighing, said, not many days would go,
62Ere I would wish for those I slighted so.
63But all her counsel was to me in vain,
64For I invited home that gallant train:
65Peace in a purple mantle, wrought with gold,
66Where groves,
phanes12
, cities, you might there behold,
67Which cast a luster to my wondering eye;
68Joy, in an azure vesture like the sky,
69Studded with gems, which dazzled so my sight,
70That now (methought) my pearl was not so bright
71As it was wont, but
looked both dim and sad13
.
72Thus of my guests I was extremely glad.
73Peace sweetly smiled, Joy, giggling, laughed outright,
74And thus in mirth we passed the time till night.
75Then tired with laughing we went all to bed,
76But by the morn my cheerful guests were fled,
77And none but Sorrow left, tearing her hair,
78
And Fear who, trembling, asked for Despair.14
79My blessed guide, seeing me in tears dissolved,
80And with such woeful company involved,
81Asked me if Patience I did yet desire.
82I said, without her I should soon expire.
83At last she came with slow and modest pace,
84Wiping the tears from my pale
blubbered15
face.
85She told me many a sad and dismal story,
86Which ever
ended in the sufferer’s glory16
.
87These tears sure washed the films from off my sight,
88For now I found my pearl was far more bright
89Than all the gems I ever yet did view.
90Behold the power of penitential dew.
91I laid my pearl close to my trembling breast,
92
And on an anchor laid my head to rest,17
93That Hope (in love to me) before had laid
94Me to sustain. That fair and blessed maid,
95Whom faire Aletheia brought to take my part,
96To sway the factions in my troubled heart,
97And gave them charge ever to hold in awe
98Sorrow and Fear, and never to withdraw
99Their best assistance to keep out Despair,
100Who with her cursed associates would repair
101Me to afflict, which would me much afright,
102’Cause the
black brood of Acheron and Night18
103Would also come, who only were addicted
104To add afflictions to the most afflicted.
105Just as she spake, in came that horrid train,
106Which caused a trembling throughout every vein
107Of my sad heart; down fell I in a
sound19
,
108Till that brave
damsel20
raised me from the ground,
109Who just then came triumphant from the field;
110Then with her bright impenetrable shield,
111She all those hellish monsters did oppose.
112Thus was I safe delivered from my foes.
113Then, leaving Hope and Patience by my side,
114Commanding them both, with me to abide;
115Counseling me to follow my fair guide,
116Who would through all the trouble of my story,
117Lead me at last to everlasting glory.
118Thus have I lived a sad and weary life,
119
Thirteen a maid, and thirty-three a wife.21
120All I found true my Aletheia did speak,
121But yet (aye me)
the bubble will not break22
.
Macron symbol indicating the end of a poem.

Amplified Edition,

edited by Lara Doddsi

Editorial Note

I have modernized spelling and punctuation in this poem with the aim of enhancing clarity and readability. The notes gloss unfamiliar words and provide cultural and literary contexts.
Macron symbol indicating the end of a poem.
  • Lara Dodds, Mississippi State University
  • Aletheia
    personification of Truth; from the Greek ἀλήθεια, which may be translated as “unclosedness,” “disclosure,” or “truth.”
  • orient pearl
    a pearl from India; a beautiful, radiant, and highly valuable pearl.
  • radiant mother
    Time, who is proverbially the mother of Truth
  • She took possession of my virgin heart.
    the speaker pledges her troth to truth—here personified as a beautiful maiden, Aletheia—and in return Aletheia takes possession of her “virgin heart.” This relationship is represented as a mutually beneficial exchange (the speaker’s “all” or “heart” in return for Aletheia’s pearl and promise “ne’er to depart”) that is ritually confirmed by the tying of a “true love’s knot,” an ornamental knot used to symbolize love and commitment (see OED “true-love knot,” n.). Later the poem refers to the speaker’s marriage, but her same-sex bond with Aletheia precedes that relationship.
  • Get but the mother, and you have the daughter.
    identifying Joy as the daughter of Peace, the speaker encourages Aletheia to “invite” the pair to “dwell with us to consummate delight.” Compare this passage to the invitation poem tradition and especially to Milton’s “L’Allegro” and “Il Penseroso,” in which the speaker alternately invites the goddesses Mirth and Melancholy to become his companion. Later, Aletheia offers instead to “invite” Patience and Hope to become the speaker’s companions.
  • triumviry
    i.e. triumvirate. In the manuscript this word is inserted into a space in the line by a different hand.
  • Parcaes’
    the Parcae are female personifications of destiny, the three Fates
  • happed
    to happen upon or to discover by chance (see OED hap, v. 4a.).
  • brittle as the tenderest bubble
    a conventional metaphor for the briefness and fragility of life.
  • She found I would live a tedious pilgrimage.
    Aletheia reads the speaker’s “sad story” in the book of fate and discovers that she will suffer trouble during all the stages of her life (“infant, maid, and wife”).
  • the dame
    Faith; see Ephesians 6:16: “Above all, taking the shield of faith, wherewith ye shall be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked” (AV). In the poem’s third mother-daughter pair, Patience is identified as the daughter of Faith.
  • phanes
    temples
  • looked both dim and sad
    the speaker’s pearl appears to “dim” in comparison to the pleasures she shares with Peace and Joy; however, she recognizes its true brightness when she is joined by Patience and Hope.
  • And Fear who, trembling, asked for Despair.
    the speaker goes to bed with Peace and Joy but when she wakes she discovers Sorrow and Fear in their place. Echoing the invitations issued earlier in the poem, Fear “asked for” Despair, and, as a result, the speaker is finally ready to acknowledge Aletheia’s offer of Patience as a companion.
  • blubbered
    flooded with tears.
  • ended in the sufferer’s glory
    Patience fulfills the promise to comfort the speaker by telling stories of sufferers who achieve eternal reward; these sad stories echo the sad story of the speaker’s life written in the book of fate.
  • And on an anchor laid my head to rest,
    see Hebrews 6:19: “Which hope we have as an anchor of the soul, both sure and steadfast, and which entereth into that within the veil” (AV).
  • black brood of Acheron and Night
    the offspring of Night and Acheron include Doom, Fate, Death, Sleep, Dreams, Blame, Woe, the Hesperides, the Destinies (Parcae), Nemesis, Deceit, Friendship, Old Age, and Strife. See Hesiod Theogony, lines 211-25. This “horrid train” causes the speaker to faint.
  • sound
    swoon or fainting-fit (see OED sound, n.4)
  • damsel
    Faith
  • Thirteen a maid, and thirty-three a wife.
    Earlier in the poem, Pulter identifies “infant, maid, and wife” as the three stages of life. Here the speaker specifies how many years she lived in the second two of those stages. If we identify the speaker with Pulter herself, who was born between 1605 and 1608 and was married in 1623, this line suggests that the poem was written in 1656 when Pulter was between 49 and 51 years old.
  • the bubble will not break
    in the final line of the poem, the speaker returns to the metaphor of life as bubble that is introduced earlier and laments that this bubble is strong rather than weak. The image of the bubble echoes the symbol of the pearl: both are spherical, beautiful, and fragile.
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