White Lilies and Red Roses
by Elizabeth Kolkovich
When Pulter compares Jane’s body to lilies and roses, she draws on a familiar convention from contemporary love poetry. Early modern English authors who modeled their poetry after the fourteenth-century Italian poet Petrarch often used the colors red and white to mark feminine virtue and beauty, and lilies and roses appear frequently in blazons, or verses that catalog a woman’s body parts by comparing them to other physical objects. The following three poems analogize a beloved’s body parts to these flowers, but they do so from the perspective of a male speaker describing a female love interest.
Henry Constable,
Sonnet 9 (“My Lady’s Presence Makes the Roses Red”) in Diana
Sonnet 9 (“My Lady’s Presence Makes the Roses Red”) in Diana
- My Lady’s presence makes the Roses red,
- Because to see her lips they blush for shame.
- The Lily’s leaves, for envy, pale became,
- For her white hands in them this envy bred.
- The Marigold the leaves abroad doth spread,
- Because the sun’s and her power is the same.
- The Violet of purple colour came,
- Dyed in the blood she made my heart to shed.
- In brief all flowers from her their virtue take;
- From her sweet breath, their sweet smells do proceed;
- The living heat which her eyebeams doth make
- Warmeth the ground, and quickeneth the seed.
- The rain, wherewith she watereth the flowers,
- Falls from mine eyes, which she dissolves in showers.
Source: William Stanley Braithwaite, ed., The Book of Elizabethan Verse (1907).
Edmund Spenser, Sonnet 64 in Amoretti
- Comming to kisse her lyps, (such grace I found)
- Me seemd I smelt a gardin of sweet flowres:
- that dainty odours from them threw around
- for damzels fit to decke their louers bowres.
- Her lips did smell lyke vnto Gillyflowers,
- her ruddy cheekes, lyke vnto Roses red:
- her snowy browes lyke budded Bellamoures
- her louely eyes lyke Pincks but newly spred,
- Her goodly bosome lyke a Strawberry bed,
- her neck lyke to a bounch of Cullambynes:
- her brest lyke lillyes, ere theyr leaues be shed,
- her nipples lyke yong blossomd Iessemynes,
- Such fragrant flowres doe giue most odorous smell,
- but her sweet odour did them all excell.
Source: luminarium.org
Thomas Campion, There Is a Garden in Her Face
- There is a garden in her face
- Where roses and white lilies grow;
- A heav'nly paradise is that place
- Wherein all pleasant fruits do flow.
- There cherries grow which none may buy,
- Till “Cherry ripe” themselves do cry.
- Those cherries fairly do enclose
- Of orient pearl a double row,
- Which when her lovely laughter shows,
- They look like rose-buds fill'd with snow;
- Yet them nor peer nor prince can buy,
- Till “Cherry ripe” themselves do cry.
- Her eyes like angels watch them still,
- Her brows like bended bows do stand,
- Threat’ning with piercing frowns to kill
- All that attempt with eye or hand
- Those sacred cherries to come nigh,
- Till “Cherry ripe” themselves do cry.
Source: PoetryFoundation.org